This review covers negative statements with demonstratives (これ/それ/あれ は 〜じゃありません), asking and expressing ownership using the possessive particle の, and modifying nouns with この / その / あの.
### 1. Negative Demonstrative Patterns (〜じゃありません)
To correct a misconception and state "This/That is not [Noun], it is [Correct Noun]", use the following patterns:
💡 Pattern: ・これ/それ/あれ は [ Noun A ] じゃありません。[ Noun B ] です。
Examples from Practice: ・Q: それは カメラですか。 (Is that a camera?) * A: いいえ、これは カメラじゃありません。ヘッドホンです。 (No, this is not a camera. It is a pair of headphones.)
・Q: (これは) ノートですか。 (Is this a notebook?) * A: いいえ、それは ノートじゃありません。ほん です。 (No, that is not a notebook. It is a book.)
Examples: ・それは みきさんの かばんです。 (That is Miki-san's bag.) ・これは わたしの ふくです。 (This is my clothing.)
💡 Asking "Whose is this/that?": だれの ・Q: それは だれの かばんですか。 (Whose bag is that?) * A: (それは) みきさんの かばんです。 (It is Miki-san's bag.)
💡 Shortening the Sentence (Omitting the Noun): When the item is obvious from context, you can drop the noun and just say **[ Person ] の です** (It is [Person]'s / mine / hers).
・Q: それは だれの ですか。 (Whose is that?) * A: それは みきさんの です。 (That is Miki-san's.) * A: それは よしこせんせいの です。 (That is Yoshiko-sensei's.) * A: これは ジェーンさんの です。 (This is Jane-san's.)
Unlike これ/それ/あれ (which stand alone as "this/that"), **この / その / あの** MUST be directly followed by a **Noun** (e.g., this camera, that bag).
| Stand-alone (Pronoun) | + Noun (Modifier) | Meaning | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **これ** (kore) | **この [ Noun ]** (kono) | This [Noun] (near speaker) | | **それ** (sore) | **その [ Noun ]** (sono) | That [Noun] (near listener) | | **あれ** (are) | **あの [ Noun ]** (ano) | That [Noun] over there (far from both) |
Examples: ・この ほんは わたしの です。 (This book is mine.) ・その カメラは わたしの です。 (That camera is mine.) ・あの つくえは よしこせんせいの です。 (That desk over there is Yoshiko-sensei's.)
Conversation Flow Example: 1. Speaker points far away: **「あれは わたしの です。」** (That one over there is mine.) 2. Listener clarifies: **「あれ？」** (That one?) 3. Speaker holds the item: **「その カメラは わたしの です。」** (That camera [near you] is mine.)
### 4. Vocabulary List (ごい)
・かばん (kaban) = Bag ・カメラ (kamera) = Camera ・めがね (megane) = Glasses ・くつ (kutsu) = Shoes ・ふく (fuku) = Clothes ・ほん (hon) = Book ・ノート (nooto) = Notebook ・ペン (pen) = Pen ・つくえ (tsukue) = Desk ・いす (isu) = Chair ・くるま (kuruma) = Car ・いえ (ie) = House ・だれ (dare) = Who (だれの = whose)
Your kanji studies and grammar practice using Minna no Nihongo are both going very smoothly! I’m always impressed by how dedicated you are to studying, Micha! The て-form is one of the most challenging parts of the Intermediate level. Let’s practice it many times so that you can use it confidently and correctly!
Thank you for coming to the lesson today! I'm very glad to have your lesson. Today's review, 1=ichi 2=ni 3=san 4=yon/shi 5=go 6=roku 7=nana-shichi 8=hachi 9=kyuu/ku 10=juu We count 1-10. Please challenge to count in japanese as much as possible in your daily life until next week's lesson. Looking forward to seeing you in the next lesson. Thank you.
